%% \CharacterTable %% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z %% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z %% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9 %% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \# %% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \& %% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \) %% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \, %% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/ %% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \< %% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \? %% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\ %% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_ %% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \| %% Right brace \} Tilde \~} %% GERMAN %% This is GERMAN.TEX or GERMAN.STY, Vers. 2.3e, 31 Jul 1991 % collected by H.Partl (TU Wien), % using ideas by W.Appelt, F.Hommes et al. (GMD St.Augustin), % T.Hofmann (CIBA-GEIGY Basel), N.Schwarz (Uni Bochum), % J.Schrod (TH Darmstadt), D.Armbruster (Uni Stuttgart), % R.Schoepf (Uni Mainz, Uni Heidelberg) and F.Mittelbach % (Uni Mainz, EDS Ruesselsheim), J.Knappen (Uni Mainz), % P.Breitenlohner (MPI Muenchen), B.Raichle (Uni Stuttgart) % and many others. %% DOCUMENT STYLE OPTION for writing german texts %% with TeX version 2.x (Plain TeX) or with LaTeX version 2.09. % It can be called via % \input german % or (with LaTeX) via % \documentstyle[german]{anystyle} % This file conforms to the standard for ``Einheitliche deutsche % TeX-Befehle'' as proposed at the 6th Meeting of German TeX Users % in M\"unster, October 1987. It is available from DANTE (the users % group of German speaking TeX users) at the University of Heidelberg % (e.g. with GET GERMAN STY from the Bitnet server LISTSERV@DHDURZ1, % or by requesting a PC diskette). % Commands to be used by the end users: % "a for Umlaut-a (like \"a), also for all other vowels. % "s for sharp s (like \ss{}). % "ck for ck to be hyphenated as k-k. % "ff for ff to be hyphenated as ff-f, also for certain % other consonants. % "S for SS to be \uppercase{"s} % "A, "CK, "FF etc. uppercase versions of the above. % "| to separate ligatures. % "- like \-, but allowing hyphenation in the rest of % the word. % "" like "-, but producing no hyphen sign (for x-""y). % "` or \glqq for german left double quotes (similar to ,,) % "' or \grqq for german right double quotes (similar to ``) % \glq for german left single quotes (similar to , ) % \grq for german right single quotes (similar to ` ) % "< or \flqq for french left double quotes (similar to <<) % "> or \frqq for french right double quotes (similar to >>) % \flq for french left single quotes (similar to < ) % \frq for french right single quotes (similar to > ) % \dq for the original quotes character (") % \selectlanguage{n} to select the main language of the document, % specified by the parameter n, which should be % one of the following command names: % \austrian \french \english \german \USenglish; % - this changes the date format, captions and (if % the command is properly modified) hyphenation. % \originalTeX to restore everything to the original settings % of TeX and LaTeX (well, almost everything). % \germanTeX to re-activate the german settings. % Obsolete commands, provided for compatibility with existing % applications: % \3 for sharp s (like "s). % \ck for ck to be hyphenated as k-k (like "ck). % Obsolete command, incompatible with the former definition: % \setlanguage the former name of \selectlanguage % TeX 3.x introduces a new primitive with the % same name (DO NOT USE \setlanguage!) % Lower level commands and features: % \umlautlow redefines the Umlaut accent such that the dots come % nearer to the letter and that hyphenation is enabled % in the rest of the word. % \umlauthigh restores \" to its original meaning. % \ss is \lccode'd to enable hyphenation. % \mdqon makes " an active (meta-) character that does the % pretty things described above. % \mdqoff restores " to its original meaning. % \dospecials,\@sanitize are extended to include the ". % \dateaustrian, \dategerman, \dateenglish, \dateUSenglish, \datefrench % redefine \today to use the respective date format. % \captionsgerman, \captionsenglish, \captionsfrench % switch to german, english or french chapter captions % and the like, resp. This will have an effect only % if the document style files use the symbolic names % \chaptername etc. instead of the original english % words. ("International LaTeX") % \language a count that may be set by \selectlanguage to switch % hyphenation patterns or other language dependent % items like, e.g., document style declarations of % the form % \ifnum\language=\english .textengl.\else % \ifnum\language=\german .textgerm.\fi\fi % Finally, \germanTeX is switched on. % Notes: % This file can be used both with Plain TeX and with LaTeX and other % macro packages, and with the original TeX and LaTeX fonts. Usage of % german hyphenation patterns is recommended to accompany this style % file when writing german texts. % The file should be read in vertical mode only (usually at the % beginning of the document) to avoid spurious spaces. % \undefined must be an undefined control sequence. % Multiple calls of this file (e.g. at the beginning of each subfile) % will do no harm. Only the first call (i.e., if \mdqon is undefined) % performs all the definitions and settings. Later calls only switch % to \germanTeX. % The catcode of @ remains unchanged after processing of this file. % All of the definitions are local (except one \newdimen), the % switching on of the german options is local. % The commands \mdqon, \mdqoff, \originalTeX, \germanTeX, and % \selectlanguage are ``fragile'' with LaTeX and should not be used % within arguments of macro calls. % In Plain TeX, `\protect' should be \let to `\relax' normally and to % something like `\string' inside the arguments of `\write' or % `\message' (see LaTeX.TEX for all the details). % The command \umlautlow may need adaption to font parameters (see % comments there for details). % The commands \flqq, \frqq, \flq, \frq, and \datefrench in their % present forms do not work properly with all font sizes and styles, % they still require a better solution. A LaTeX-only solution might be % to use {\ly(}, {\ly(\kern-0.166em(}, {\ly)} etc., but this would not % work with Plain TeX. % The current version has been designed for TeX versions 1 and 2. % When used with TeX version 3 or with MLTeX by M.Ferguson, the setting % of the \language counter have to be inserted into the definition of % the \selectlanguage command, with values that are appropriate for the % hyphenation patterns loaded into the FMT file by IniTeX. % Since " has a different catcode (\active) and a different meaning than % in original TeX, special care has to be taken if " is to be used in % its original meaning for hexadecimal constants (explicitely, or % implicitely by math-delimiters or other macros when expanded). % Known "Bugs": % -- If a hexadecimal number begins with a letter, TeX reports % ``Missing number, treated as zero''. % >> Use "0A0-"0FF instead of "A0-"FF or make sure that the catcode of % the doublequote is `other' when reading a hexadecimal constant. % -- Spaces after active doublequotes are ignored. E.g. the input of % ``M" unster'' produces the same as ``M"unster''. % -- The use of things like "} in the text causes an error. % -- If a doublequote is followed by a group, e.g. "{a"a}, it is % possible that TeX reports ``Missing \endcsname inserted''. % >> Use the ''-ligature or "{} or \verb+"+ to produce normal % doublequotes. % \ifundefined{mdqon} or \mdqon=\relax \expandafter\ifx\csname mdqon\endcsname\relax % \then go ahead \else switch to \germanTeX and do nothing \else \germanTeX \expandafter\endinput \fi \message{Document Style Option `german' Version 2.3e of 31 Jul 1991} % \ifundefined{protect} \ifx\protect\undefined % \then define it \let\protect=\relax \fi % save current category code of `@' \chardef\atcode=\catcode`\@ \catcode`\@=11 % \makeatletter % \allowhyphens simulates a word boundary, % kerning information will be lost! \def\allowhyphens{\penalty\@M \hskip\z@skip} % {\nobreak \hskip 0pt plus 0pt\relax} \def\umlauthigh{\def\"##1{{\accent127 ##1}}} \def\umlautlow{\def\"{\protect\newumlaut}} % The old definition of \newumlaut... % \newcount\U@C\newbox\U@B\newdimen\U@D % \def\newumlaut#1{\leavevmode\allowhyphens % \vbox{\baselineskip\z@skip \lineskip.25ex % % \baselineskip 0pt % \ialign{##\crcr\hidewidth % \setbox\U@B\hbox{#1}\U@D .01\p@\U@C\U@D % \U@D\ht\U@B\advance\U@D -1ex\divide\U@D \U@C % \U@C\U@D\U@D\the\fontdimen1\the\font % \multiply\U@D \U@C\divide\U@D 100\kern\U@D % \vbox to .20ex % <--- depending on the METAFONT parameters % % of the fonts, the height of this \vbox % % may vary around the value of .20ex -- % % just try out, which will look best! % {\hbox{\char127}\vss}\hidewidth\crcr#1\crcr}}\allowhyphens} % ...and the new one: % The new value of `ex' (or \fontdimen5 of the current font) is % computed as % height(\umlautaccent) - (0.25ex + 0.20ex) % [ ~= 1.10117ex for cm-fonts] % The value of `0.20ex' depends on the METAFONT parameters of the % fonts, ... (see above). \ifx\U@D\undefined \csname newdimen\endcsname\U@D \def\newumlaut#1{\leavevmode\allowhyphens{\U@D 1ex % compute new ex value {\setbox\z@\hbox{\char127}\dimen@\ht\z@ \advance\dimen@ -.45ex % don't change, if new-ex < old-ex \ifdim 1ex<\dimen@ \fontdimen5\font\dimen@ \fi}% \accent127 \fontdimen5\font\U@D #1}\allowhyphens} \def\highumlaut#1{\leavevmode\allowhyphens {\accent127 #1}\allowhyphens} % Quotes % ------ \def\set@low@box#1{\setbox\tw@\hbox{,}\setbox\z@\hbox{#1}\dimen\z@\ht\z@ \advance\dimen\z@ -\ht\tw@ \setbox\z@\hbox{\lower\dimen\z@ \box\z@}\ht\z@\ht\tw@ \dp\z@\dp\tw@ } % (this lowers the german left quotes to the same level as the comma.) \def\save@sf@q#1{{\ifhmode \edef\@SF{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\else \let\@SF\empty \fi \leavevmode #1\@SF}} \def\@glqq{\save@sf@q{\set@low@box{''}\box\z@\kern-.04em\allowhyphens}} \def\glqq{\protect\@glqq} \def\@grqq{\save@sf@q{\kern-.07em``\kern.07em}} \def\grqq{\protect\@grqq} \def\@glq{\save@sf@q{\set@low@box{'}\box\z@\kern-.04em\allowhyphens}} \def\glq{\protect\@glq} \def\@grq{\save@sf@q{\kern-.07em`\kern.07em}} \def\grq{\protect\@grq} \def\@flqq{\ifmmode \ll \else \save@sf@q{\raise .2ex\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle \ll $}}\fi} \def\flqq{\protect\@flqq} \def\@frqq{\ifmmode \gg \else \save@sf@q{\raise .2ex\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle \gg $}}\fi} \def\frqq{\protect\@frqq} \def\@flq{\ifmmode <\else \save@sf@q{\raise .2ex\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle <$}}\fi} \def\flq{\protect\@flq} \def\@frq{\ifmmode >\else \save@sf@q{\raise .2ex\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle >$}}\fi} \def\frq{\protect\@frq} % enable hyphenations after \ss: \lccode`\^^Y=`\^^Y \let\original@three=\3 % Note that \3 may be defined or undefined. % add doublequotes to the definitions of dospecials and sanitize: \begingroup \def\do{\noexpand\do\noexpand}% \edef\next{\endgroup \def\noexpand\dospecials{\dospecials\do\"}}% \next % not ( \ifundefined{@sanitize} or \@sanitize=\relax ) = if LaTeX \expandafter\ifx\csname @sanitize\endcsname\relax \else \begingroup \def\@makeother{\noexpand\@makeother\noexpand}% \edef\next{\endgroup \def\noexpand\@sanitize{\@sanitize\@makeother\"}}% \next \def\mdqon{\catcode`\"\active} \def\mdqoff{\catcode`\"12 } \def\ck{\allowhyphens\discretionary{k-}{}{c}k\allowhyphens} % active doublequote mechanism % ---------------------------- \begingroup \mdqoff \def\next{\endgroup \def\@UMLAUT{\"} \def\@MATHUMLAUT{\mathaccent"707F } \def\@SS{\mathchar"7019 } \def\dq{"}} \next % For all arguments of an active doublequote which should be treated in % a special way, we define a macro with the argument text in the name. % \dq@macro#1 constructs this name. % (If the expansion of \dq@macro results in another call of \dq@macro % the inner macro shouldn't contain unexpandable primitives like % \relax. Otherwise TeX warns about a "Missing \endcsname inserted." % Example: Gr"{u"se}) \def\dq@macro#1{\csname @dq@\string #1@dq@\endcsname} % The definition of the active doublequote macro: % If used with DC/EC-fonts, correct kerning and ligature building is % inhibited by \protect (with meaning \relax). % (Quick&dirty solution: replace \protect by something like % \ifx\protect\relax \else \expandafter\protect \fi) \def\@active@dq#1{\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter \ifx\dq@macro{#1}\relax \expandafter\normal@dq \else \expandafter\protect\expandafter\active@dq \fi {#1}} % The braces of {#1} in \@active@dq are necessary if someone wants to % define a doublequote macro for things like "{}. They ensure that % \active@dq is called with the correct argument. % For \normal@dq we have to delete the braces and insert a normal % doublequote. \def\normal@dq#1{\dq #1} % For combinations "x which should be treated in a special way, % \active@dq is called with `x' as argument. % In the current implementation the actions for argument #1 are saved % in macros with name \dq@macro{#1}. These macros expand to two groups % containing the action for text and for math mode. % The support of other ``modes'' (e.g. DC/EC-Fonts) can be implemented % in this macro. \def\active@dq#1{% \csname dq@\ifmmode second\else first\fi % \dq@macro has to be expanded three times: % 1. \dq@macro --> \csname... % 2. \csname... --> control seqence % 3. control seqence --> {text mode}{math mode} \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter \endcsname \dq@macro{#1}} \def\dq@first#1#2{#1} \def\dq@second#1#2{#2} % The definition of a "-macro is done with... \def\def@dqmacro#1#2#3{\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter \def\dq@macro{#1}{{#2}{#3}}} \def\let@dqmacro#1#2{\begingroup \edef\next{\endgroup \let \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\noexpand\dq@macro{#1}% \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\noexpand\dq@macro{#2}}% \next} % Definitions for all doublequote macros... % (The empty groups after some macros are necessary for \write commands, % otherwise spaces after these macros will be ignored.) % umlauts: \def@dqmacro{a}{\@UMLAUT a}{\@MATHUMLAUT a} \def@dqmacro{o}{\@UMLAUT o}{\@MATHUMLAUT o} \def@dqmacro{u}{\@UMLAUT u}{\@MATHUMLAUT u} \def@dqmacro{A}{\@UMLAUT A}{\@MATHUMLAUT A} \def@dqmacro{O}{\@UMLAUT O}{\@MATHUMLAUT O} \def@dqmacro{U}{\@UMLAUT U}{\@MATHUMLAUT U} % german es-zet: \def@dqmacro{s}{\ss{}}{\@SS{}} \def@dqmacro{S}{SS}{SS} % german and french quotes: \def@dqmacro{`}{\glqq{}}{\glqq{}} \def@dqmacro{'}{\grqq{}}{\grqq{}} \def@dqmacro{<}{\flqq{}}{\flqq{}} \def@dqmacro{>}{\frqq{}}{\frqq{}} % tremas: \def@dqmacro{e}{\highumlaut e}{\@MATHUMLAUT a} \def@dqmacro{E}{\highumlaut E}{\@MATHUMLAUT E} \def@dqmacro{i}{\highumlaut\i{}}{\@MATHUMLAUT\imath} \def@dqmacro{I}{\highumlaut I}{\@MATHUMLAUT I} % misc.: \def@dqmacro{-}{\allowhyphens\-\allowhyphens}% {\allowhyphens\-\allowhyphens} \def@dqmacro{"}{\hskip\z@skip}{\hskip\z@skip} \let@dqmacro{\active@dq}{"} \def@dqmacro{|}{\discretionary{-}{}{\kern.03em}}{} % discretionaries: \def@dqmacro{c}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{k-}{}{c}\allowhyphens}{c} \def@dqmacro{C}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{K-}{}{C}\allowhyphens}{C} \def@dqmacro{f}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{ff-}{}{f}\allowhyphens}{f} \def@dqmacro{F}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{FF-}{}{F}\allowhyphens}{F} \def@dqmacro{l}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{ll-}{}{l}\allowhyphens}{l} \def@dqmacro{L}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{LL-}{}{L}\allowhyphens}{L} \def@dqmacro{m}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{mm-}{}{m}\allowhyphens}{m} \def@dqmacro{M}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{MM-}{}{M}\allowhyphens}{M} \def@dqmacro{n}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{nn-}{}{n}\allowhyphens}{n} \def@dqmacro{N}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{NN-}{}{N}\allowhyphens}{N} \def@dqmacro{p}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{pp-}{}{p}\allowhyphens}{p} \def@dqmacro{P}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{PP-}{}{P}\allowhyphens}{P} \def@dqmacro{t}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{tt-}{}{t}\allowhyphens}{t} \def@dqmacro{T}{\allowhyphens\discretionary{TT-}{}{T}\allowhyphens}{T} % Dates and Captions % ------------------ \def\dateaustrian{\def\today{\number\day.~\ifcase\month\or J\"anner\or Februar\or M\"arz\or April\or Mai\or Juni\or Juli\or August\or September\or Oktober\or November\or Dezember\fi \space\number\year}} \def\dategerman{\def\today{\number\day.~\ifcase\month\or Januar\or Februar\or M\"arz\or April\or Mai\or Juni\or Juli\or August\or September\or Oktober\or November\or Dezember\fi \space\number\year}} \def\dateUSenglish{\def\today{\ifcase\month\or January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \space\number\day, \number\year}} \def\dateenglish{\def\today{\number\day \ifcase\day \or st\or nd\or rd\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or % 1..10 th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or % 11..20 st\or nd\or rd\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or th\or % 21..30 st\fi ~\ifcase\month\or January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \space \number\year}} \def\datefrench{\def\today{\number\day \ifnum1=\day \/$^{\rm er}$\fi \space\ifcase\month\or janvier\or f\'evrier\or mars\or avril\or mai\or juin\or juillet\or ao\^ut\or septembre\or octobre\or novembre\or d\'ecembre\fi \space\number\year}} % Here is, how you can modify the LaTeX document style files and option % files, to benefit from the following \captionsxxx commands. Def's like % \def\tableofcontents{\section*{Contents\markboth{CONTENTS}{CONTENTS}} % \@starttoc{toc}} % should be redefined by def's like % \def\contentsname{Contents} % <--- % \def\tableofcontents{\section*{\contentsname % \markboth{\uppercase{\contentsname}}{\uppercase{\contentsname}}} % \@starttoc{toc}} % (it's best to put all these new lines to the end of the origignal % files), and of course, you should modify the change date in the file % header and in the \typeout command. % You need not do this yourself - rather, retrieve "International LaTeX" % (e.g. from the DANTE server LISTSERV@DHDURZ1 on Bitnet) ! \def\captionsgerman{% \def\prefacename{Vorwort}% \def\refname{Literatur}% \def\abstractname{Zusammenfassung}% \def\bibname{Literaturverzeichnis}% \def\chaptername{Kapitel}% \def\appendixname{Anhang}% \def\contentsname{Inhaltsverzeichnis}% % oder nur: Inhalt \def\listfigurename{Abbildungsverzeichnis}% \def\listtablename{Tabellenverzeichnis}% \def\indexname{Index}% \def\figurename{Abbildung}% \def\tablename{Tabelle}% % oder: Tafel \def\partname{Teil}% \def\enclname{Anlage(n)}% % oder: Beilage(n) \def\ccname{Verteiler}% % oder: Kopien an \def\headtoname{An}% \def\pagename{Seite}% \def\seename{siehe}% \def\alsoname{siehe auch}} \def\captionsenglish{% \def\prefacename{Preface}% \def\refname{References}% \def\abstractname{Abstract}% \def\bibname{Bibliography}% \def\chaptername{Chapter}% \def\appendixname{Appendix}% \def\contentsname{Contents}% \def\listfigurename{List of Figures}% \def\listtablename{List of Tables}% \def\indexname{Index}% \def\figurename{Figure}% \def\tablename{Table}% \def\partname{Part}% \def\enclname{encl}% \def\ccname{cc}% \def\headtoname{To}% \def\pagename{Page}% \def\seename{see}% \def\alsoname{see also}} \def\captionsfrench{% \def\prefacename{Pr\'eface}% \def\refname{R\'ef\'erences}% \def\abstractname{R\'esum\'e}% \def\bibname{Bibliographie}% \def\chaptername{Chapitre}% \def\appendixname{Annexe}% \def\contentsname{Table des mati\`eres}% \def\listfigurename{Liste des figures}% \def\listtablename{Liste des tableaux}% \def\indexname{Index}% \def\figurename{Figure}% \def\tablename{Tableau}% \def\partname{Partie}% \def\enclname{P.~J.}% \def\ccname{Copie \`a}% \def\headtoname{A}% \def\pagename{Page}% \def\seename{voir}% \def\alsoname{voir aussi}}% % Switching Languages % ------------------- \chardef\USenglish=0 \chardef\german=1 \chardef\austrian=2 \chardef\french=3 \chardef\english=4 \def\selectlanguage#1{% % Note: If used with TeX version 3 or with multi-lingual TeX % by M.Ferguson, commands like \language #1\relax % should be inserted into this definition in order to switch % on the correct hyphenation patterns. \expandafter\ifcase #1\relax \dateUSenglish \captionsenglish \or \dategerman \captionsgerman \or \dateaustrian \captionsgerman \or \datefrench \captionsfrench \or \dateenglish \captionsenglish \fi} % TeX 3 compatibility % ------------------- % If \language has not yet been declared neither by Ferguson's % ``Multilingual T^eX'' nor by TeX 3, allocate a counter: % \ifundefined{language} \expandafter\ifx\csname language\endcsname\relax \csname newcount\endcsname\language % TeX 3 has another new primitive: \setlanguage. It can be used only in % hmode and has ``real'' effects in inner mode only! % If not defined, try to simulate TeX 3's \setlanguage. % \ifundefined{setlanguage} (= TeX version < 3 ) \expandafter\ifx\csname setlanguage\endcsname\relax \def\setlanguage{\relax \ifhmode \else \errhelp{Use \selectlanguage to switch languages.}% \errmessage{\setlanguage allowed only in horizontal mode}% \fi \begingroup\afterassignment\endgroup\count@=} \begingroup \mdqon \def\next{\endgroup \def\originalTeX{\mdqoff \let"\dq \umlauthigh \let\3\original@three \selectlanguage{\USenglish}} \def\germanTeX{\mdqon \let"\@active@dq \umlautlow \let\3\ss \selectlanguage{\german}}} \next \catcode`\@=\atcode % return to previous catcode % Now, switch on what is appropriate for german: \germanTeX % This is the end of GERMAN.STY/TEX. \endinput